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Best Practices
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YAML First
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Wiring & Runtime
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Layer 1 — ABC contracts (samples/extraction_pipeline/extraction_pipeline_abc.py)
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Layer 3 — Bank specializations (samples/extraction_pipeline/banks/{axis,icici}/pdf.py, samples/extraction_pipeline/extraction_pipeline_banks.py)
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<h1 id="philosophy-why-type-declared-dependencies">Philosophy — Why Type-Declared Dependencies<a class="headerlink" href="#philosophy-why-type-declared-dependencies" title="Permanent link">¶</a></h1>
|
||
<p>This document explains the <em>why</em> behind the type-declared dependency pattern used for the extraction pipeline sample — specifically the Axis/Icici bank variation. It is, together with <a href="../04_design/">Design</a>, self-sufficient: a fresh agent should be able to pick up the codebase from here and reason about (and extend) the pattern without needing the original session context.</p>
|
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<hr />
|
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<h2 id="one-idea">One Idea<a class="headerlink" href="#one-idea" title="Permanent link">¶</a></h2>
|
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<blockquote>
|
||
<p><strong>A concrete class's annotated slot type <em>is</em> the dependency decision.</strong></p>
|
||
</blockquote>
|
||
<p>Bank variation is expressed entirely as <strong>class annotations</strong> — never as imperative wiring, never as <code>__init__</code> parameters, never as a composition-root that assembles objects by hand. The tree of ports a pipeline needs is declared once, and a bank differs from the generic pipeline <em>only</em> by which concrete types are pinned onto which slots.</p>
|
||
<hr />
|
||
<h2 id="the-three-layers">The Three Layers<a class="headerlink" href="#the-three-layers" title="Permanent link">¶</a></h2>
|
||
<p>The pattern is built from three fixed layers. Understanding which layer something belongs to is the whole mental model.</p>
|
||
<h3 id="layer-1-abc-contracts-samplesextraction_pipelineextraction_pipeline_abcpy">Layer 1 — ABC contracts (<code>samples/extraction_pipeline/extraction_pipeline_abc.py</code>)<a class="headerlink" href="#layer-1-abc-contracts-samplesextraction_pipelineextraction_pipeline_abcpy" title="Permanent link">¶</a></h3>
|
||
<p>Authoritative <em>declaration of need</em> ("WHAT a stage requires").</p>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li>Each port is an <code>ABC</code>.</li>
|
||
<li>It declares <strong>attributes</strong> as class-level annotated defaults (e.g. <code>TransactionParserPort.min_numbers: int = 3</code>), optionally grouped as a nested <strong>struct</strong> via a <code>@dataclass</code> (e.g. <code>source: ExtractionSource</code>).</li>
|
||
<li>It declares <strong>port slots</strong> as annotated attributes whose type is another ABC (e.g. <code>TransactionParserPort.number: NumberPort</code>, <code>amount_balance: AmountBalancePort</code>).</li>
|
||
<li>It declares <strong><code>@abstractmethod</code> bodies</strong> — the method signatures each concrete implementation must provide.</li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
<p>The ABC never runs, never holds an instance, and never says <em>which</em> implementation to use. It only says <em>what the shape is</em>.</p>
|
||
<h3 id="layer-2-generic-concurrent-implementations-samplesextraction_pipelineextraction_pipeline_implpy">Layer 2 — Generic concurrent implementations (<code>samples/extraction_pipeline/extraction_pipeline_impl.py</code>)<a class="headerlink" href="#layer-2-generic-concurrent-implementations-samplesextraction_pipelineextraction_pipeline_implpy" title="Permanent link">¶</a></h3>
|
||
<p>The <strong>common default behavior</strong> ("Impl* — the shared adaptor").</p>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li><code>class ImplTransactionParserPort(TransactionParserPort)</code> subclasses the ABC, implements every <code>@abstractmethod</code>, and <strong>re-pins its port slots to concrete <code>Impl*</code> types</strong>: <code>number: ImplNumberPort</code>, <code>desc: ImplDescPort</code>, <code>amount_balance: ImplAmountBalancePort</code>.</li>
|
||
<li><code>ImplAmountBalancePort</code> in turn pins <code>number: ImplNumberPort</code> and <code>ambiguity: ImplAmbiguityPort</code>.</li>
|
||
<li>The root, <code>ImplExtractionPipeline</code>, pins its five stage slots to <code>Impl*</code> ports: <code>ingest</code>, <code>raw_lines</code>, <code>txn_blocks</code>, <code>txn_dicts</code>, <code>raw_expense</code>.</li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
<p><code>Impl*</code> is the <strong>default that shared, bank-agnostic behavior lives in</strong>. Any slot a bank does <em>not</em> override falls back to <code>Impl*</code> at runtime.</p>
|
||
<h3 id="layer-3-bank-specializations-samplesextraction_pipelinebanksaxisicicipdfpy-samplesextraction_pipelineextraction_pipeline_bankspy">Layer 3 — Bank specializations (<code>samples/extraction_pipeline/banks/{axis,icici}/pdf.py</code>, <code>samples/extraction_pipeline/extraction_pipeline_banks.py</code>)<a class="headerlink" href="#layer-3-bank-specializations-samplesextraction_pipelinebanksaxisicicipdfpy-samplesextraction_pipelineextraction_pipeline_bankspy" title="Permanent link">¶</a></h3>
|
||
<p>The <strong>variation</strong> ("what differs per bank").</p>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li>Bank classes subclass the <strong>concrete <code>Impl*</code> classes, never the ABC</strong> — they <em>extend</em>, they never <em>reinvent</em> the contract.</li>
|
||
<li>Each <code>Axis*</code>/<code>Icici*</code> class overrides <strong>only the members that differ</strong> from the generic <code>Impl*</code>; everything shared is inherited.</li>
|
||
<li>A bank root is a <strong>thin annotated subclass of <code>ImplExtractionPipeline</code></strong> that re-pins only the slots that differ:</li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
<div class="language-python highlight"><span class="filename">Python</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-0-1" name="__codelineno-0-1" href="#__codelineno-0-1"></a><span class="k">class</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">AxisExtractionPipeline</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">ImplExtractionPipeline</span><span class="p">):</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-0-2" name="__codelineno-0-2" href="#__codelineno-0-2"></a> <span class="n">txn_dicts</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">AxisTxnDictsPort</span>
|
||
</code></pre></div>
|
||
<hr />
|
||
<h2 id="the-re-pinning-cascade">The Re-Pinning Cascade<a class="headerlink" href="#the-re-pinning-cascade" title="Permanent link">¶</a></h2>
|
||
<p>Bank-specific wiring is <strong>hierarchical and cascading</strong>. Each level narrows exactly one slot, and its narrowed type drags the next level's narrowing along with it:</p>
|
||
<div class="language-text highlight"><span class="filename">Text Only</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-1-1" name="__codelineno-1-1" href="#__codelineno-1-1"></a>AxisExtractionPipeline
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-1-2" name="__codelineno-1-2" href="#__codelineno-1-2"></a> └─ txn_dicts: AxisTxnDictsPort (only override on the root)
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-1-3" name="__codelineno-1-3" href="#__codelineno-1-3"></a> └─ parser: AxisTransactionParserPort
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-1-4" name="__codelineno-1-4" href="#__codelineno-1-4"></a> ├─ number: AxisNumberPort (get_numbers → all clean nums)
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-1-5" name="__codelineno-1-5" href="#__codelineno-1-5"></a> ├─ desc: AxisDescPort (STARTTERS)
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-1-6" name="__codelineno-1-6" href="#__codelineno-1-6"></a> └─ amount_balance: AxisAmountBalancePort
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-1-7" name="__codelineno-1-7" href="#__codelineno-1-7"></a> └─ number: AxisNumberPort (re-pin: same bank's number port)
|
||
</code></pre></div>
|
||
<p>Siblings that are already correct in <code>Impl*</code> are <strong>inherited, not redeclared</strong>. E.g. the parser's <code>date</code> slot comes from <code>ImplTransactionParserPort</code>; the amount-balance port's <code>ambiguity</code> comes from <code>ImplAmountBalancePort</code>. Re-declaring them adds mental load on the extender with zero behavior change.</p>
|
||
<blockquote>
|
||
<p><strong>Rule — only redeclare the slot you are actually changing.</strong> If a slot's behavior is already correct from <code>Impl*</code>, leave it out.</p>
|
||
</blockquote>
|
||
<hr />
|
||
<h2 id="the-two-fidelity-guarantees-this-pattern-preserves">The Two Fidelity Guarantees This Pattern Preserves<a class="headerlink" href="#the-two-fidelity-guarantees-this-pattern-preserves" title="Permanent link">¶</a></h2>
|
||
<ol>
|
||
<li><strong>Shared behavior stays shared.</strong> Slots like <code>ingest</code>, <code>raw_lines</code>, <code>txn_blocks</code>, <code>raw_expense</code>, parser <code>date</code>, and <code>ambiguity</code> are bank-agnostic. Leaving them at the <code>Impl*</code> default is deliberate, not an omission.</li>
|
||
<li><strong>Banks never reinvent.</strong> <code>Axis*</code>/<code>Icici*</code> only <em>extend</em> <code>Impl*</code>. The ABC contract in <code>samples/extraction_pipeline/extraction_pipeline_abc.py</code> is defined once and shared by every bank.</li>
|
||
</ol>
|
||
<hr />
|
||
<h2 id="what-this-pattern-is-not">What This Pattern Is NOT<a class="headerlink" href="#what-this-pattern-is-not" title="Permanent link">¶</a></h2>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li><strong>No imperative assembly.</strong> No <code>build_axis_pipeline()</code> wiring objects by hand.</li>
|
||
<li><strong>No constructor injection.</strong> <code>Impl*</code> classes have no <code>__init__</code>; wiring is done by assigning concrete port instances onto annotated slots.</li>
|
||
<li><strong>YAML and ABCs are interchangeable, and both optional.</strong> The <code>.yaml</code> spec and the <code>_abc.py</code> module are two representations of the <em>same contract</em>. hexa is agnostic of the extraction pipeline sample and never imposes a workflow: a user can hand-write the ABC file, start from YAML (ABC generated), start from an ABC file (YAML emitted), or use both as a spec. The optional utilities in <a href="../04_design/">Design</a> § <em>Utilities</em> translate between them and can verify they agree — but the bank <code>Impl*</code>/specialization files are always hand-written (their slots are a manual choice) and never generated.</li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
<hr />
|
||
<h2 id="runtime-instantiation">Runtime Instantiation<a class="headerlink" href="#runtime-instantiation" title="Permanent link">¶</a></h2>
|
||
<p>The annotations are the decision; <code>hexa.build(cls)</code> (see <a href="../04_design/">Design</a> § <em>Container</em>) turns a root class into a wired instance by reading <code>__annotations__</code> + MRO, recursively instantiating each pinned concrete type, and <code>setattr</code>ing the child onto the parent slot. This document is scoped to the <em>notation</em> — the rest of the tree can be expressed purely as class annotations and filled at runtime by the container.</p>
|
||
<hr />
|
||
<h2 id="related">Related<a class="headerlink" href="#related" title="Permanent link">¶</a></h2>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li><a href="../04_design/">04 – Design</a> · <a href="../02_components/">02 – Core Components</a> · <a href="../01_overview/">Overview</a></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
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