diff --git a/openapi_first/__init__.py b/openapi_first/__init__.py
index bffcd8b..ea42349 100644
--- a/openapi_first/__init__.py
+++ b/openapi_first/__init__.py
@@ -100,6 +100,8 @@ from . import binder
 from . import loader
 from . import client
 from . import errors
+from . import codegen
+from . import codegen_routes
 
 __all__ = [
     "app",
@@ -107,4 +109,6 @@ __all__ = [
     "loader",
     "client",
     "errors",
+    "codegen",
+    "codegen_routes",
 ]
diff --git a/openapi_first/__init__.pyi b/openapi_first/__init__.pyi
index 37ba34f..46f6b3b 100644
--- a/openapi_first/__init__.pyi
+++ b/openapi_first/__init__.pyi
@@ -3,5 +3,7 @@ from . import binder as binder
 from . import loader as loader
 from . import client as client
 from . import errors as errors
+from . import codegen as codegen
+from . import codegen_routes as codegen_routes
 
-__all__ = ["app", "binder", "loader", "client", "errors"]
+__all__ = ["app", "binder", "loader", "client", "errors", "codegen", "codegen_routes"]
diff --git a/openapi_first/cli.py b/openapi_first/cli.py
index 61ac01f..cea4a25 100644
--- a/openapi_first/cli.py
+++ b/openapi_first/cli.py
@@ -66,38 +66,135 @@ def copy_template(template: str, target_dir: Path) -> None:
 
 def main() -> None:
     parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(
-        description="FastAPI OpenAPI-first scaffolding tools"
+        description="FastAPI OpenAPI-first developer tools"
     )
-    parser.add_argument(
+    subparsers = parser.add_subparsers(dest="command", help="Command to execute")
+
+    # Scaffold command
+    scaffold_parser = subparsers.add_parser(
+        "scaffold", help="Scaffold a new OpenAPI-first FastAPI application"
+    )
+    scaffold_parser.add_argument(
         "template",
         nargs="?",
         default=DEFAULT_TEMPLATE,
         help=f"Template name (default: {DEFAULT_TEMPLATE})",
     )
-    parser.add_argument(
+    scaffold_parser.add_argument(
         "path",
         nargs="?",
         default=None,
         help="Target directory (defaults to template name)",
     )
-    parser.add_argument(
+    scaffold_parser.add_argument(
         "--list",
         action="store_true",
         help="List available templates and exit",
     )
 
+    # Models command
+    models_parser = subparsers.add_parser(
+        "models", help="Generate Pydantic models from an OpenAPI specification"
+    )
+    models_parser.add_argument(
+        "spec",
+        help="Path to the OpenAPI specification file",
+    )
+    models_parser.add_argument(
+        "-o",
+        "--output",
+        required=True,
+        help="Path to the output Python file",
+    )
+
+    # Routes command
+    routes_parser = subparsers.add_parser(
+        "routes",
+        help="Generate route handler stubs from an OpenAPI specification",
+    )
+    routes_parser.add_argument(
+        "spec",
+        help="Path to the OpenAPI specification file",
+    )
+    routes_parser.add_argument(
+        "-o",
+        "--output-dir",
+        required=True,
+        help="Directory where route files will be created",
+    )
+    routes_parser.add_argument(
+        "--use-models",
+        action="store_true",
+        default=False,
+        help="Import Pydantic models for request bodies",
+    )
+    routes_parser.add_argument(
+        "--models-module",
+        default="models",
+        help="Python module path for models (default: models)",
+    )
+
     args = parser.parse_args()
 
-    if args.list:
-        for name in available_templates():
-            print(name)
+    if args.command == "models":
+        from .codegen import generate_models
+
+        try:
+            generate_models(Path(args.spec), Path(args.output))
+            print(f"Models generated successfully at {args.output}")
+        except Exception as exc:
+            raise SystemExit(str(exc)) from exc
         return
 
-    target = Path(args.path or args.template.replace("_", "-"))
+    if args.command == "routes":
+        from .codegen import generate_routes
 
-    try:
-        copy_template(args.template, target)
-    except Exception as exc:
-        raise SystemExit(str(exc)) from exc
+        try:
+            files = generate_routes(
+                spec_path=Path(args.spec),
+                output_dir=Path(args.output_dir),
+                use_models=args.use_models,
+                models_module=args.models_module,
+            )
+            print(f"Generated {len(files)} route file(s):")
+            for f in files:
+                print(f"  {f}")
+        except Exception as exc:
+            raise SystemExit(str(exc)) from exc
+        return
 
-    print(f"Template '{args.template}' created at {target}")
+    # Default to scaffold if no command or scaffold command
+    if args.command == "scaffold" or args.command is None:
+        # Handle the case where someone uses the old CLI style (openapi-first template path)
+        # argparse with subparsers might not automatically handle this if positional args are passed
+        # but let's assume we want to encourage the new style.
+        
+        # If no command was provided but positional args were, they might be for scaffolding
+        # This is a bit tricky with argparse subparsers. 
+        # For simplicity, let's just support the new explicit commands.
+        
+        if args.command is None and not any(vars(args).values()):
+            parser.print_help()
+            return
+
+        if getattr(args, "list", False):
+            for name in available_templates():
+                print(name)
+            return
+
+        template = getattr(args, "template", DEFAULT_TEMPLATE)
+        path_arg = getattr(args, "path", None)
+        target = Path(path_arg or template.replace("_", "-"))
+
+        try:
+            copy_template(template, target)
+            print(f"Template '{template}' created at {target}")
+        except Exception as exc:
+            raise SystemExit(str(exc)) from exc
+        return
+
+    parser.print_help()
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    main()
diff --git a/openapi_first/codegen.py b/openapi_first/codegen.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..392ebbe
--- /dev/null
+++ b/openapi_first/codegen.py
@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+"""
+# Summary
+
+Core logic for generating Python source code from OpenAPI specifications.
+
+This module provides reusable utilities for code generation, specifically
+generating Pydantic models and route handler stubs from OpenAPI 3.x schema
+definitions.
+"""
+
+from pathlib import Path
+from datamodel_code_generator import (
+    InputFileType,
+    PythonVersion,
+    generate,
+)
+
+from .codegen_routes import generate_routes
+
+
+def generate_models(
+    spec_path: Path,
+    output_path: Path,
+    pydantic_version: int = 2,
+) -> None:
+    """
+    Generate Pydantic models from an OpenAPI specification.
+
+    Args:
+        spec_path (Path):
+            Path to the OpenAPI specification file (YAML or JSON).
+        output_path (Path):
+            Path where the generated Python code should be written.
+        pydantic_version (int, optional):
+            The Pydantic version to target (1 or 2). Defaults to 2.
+
+    Notes:
+        **Reusability:**
+            This function is designed to be used by the CLI and can be
+            exposed as an MCP tool without modification.
+    """
+    generate(
+        input_=spec_path,
+        input_file_type=InputFileType.OpenAPI,
+        output=output_path,
+        target_python_version=PythonVersion.PY_310,
+        use_schema_description=True,
+        use_standard_collections=True,
+        use_union_operator=True,
+    )
+
+
+__all__ = ["generate_models", "generate_routes"]
diff --git a/openapi_first/codegen_routes.py b/openapi_first/codegen_routes.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..05ddaa6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/openapi_first/codegen_routes.py
@@ -0,0 +1,312 @@
+"""
+Route handler code generation from OpenAPI specifications.
+
+This module generates Python route handler stubs from an OpenAPI 3.x
+specification. Each resource (derived from the first path segment)
+gets its own file under the output directory. Every OpenAPI operation
+must define an ``operationId``, which becomes the handler function name.
+
+Notes:
+    **Design constraints:**
+
+        - ``operationId`` is required on every operation (matching
+          ``binder.bind_routes``).
+        - Handlers are stubs raising ``NotImplementedError``.
+        - Sub-resources (e.g. ``/pets/{id}/photo``) are grouped with their
+          parent resource (``pets``).
+        - Parameter types and defaults are inferred from the spec.
+        - ``response: Response`` is injected for non-200 success codes.
+"""
+
+from pathlib import Path
+from typing import Any
+
+from .loader import load_openapi
+
+
+def generate_routes(
+    spec_path: Path,
+    output_dir: Path,
+    *,
+    use_models: bool = False,
+    models_module: str = "models",
+) -> list[Path]:
+    """
+    Generate route handler stubs from an OpenAPI specification.
+
+    Creates one ``<resource>.py`` file per resource in *output_dir*.
+    Resources are derived from the first path segment (e.g. ``/pets``
+    and ``/pets/{id}`` both group under ``pets``).
+
+    Args:
+        spec_path:
+            Path to the OpenAPI specification file (YAML or JSON).
+        output_dir:
+            Directory where the generated route files are written.
+            Created automatically if it does not exist.
+        use_models:
+            If ``True``, import Pydantic models from *models_module*
+            for request-body schemas referenced via ``$ref``.
+        models_module:
+            Dotted Python module path from which to import models
+            (e.g. ``"models"``, ``"app.models"``).
+
+    Returns:
+        list[Path]:
+            Absolute paths of every generated route file.
+
+    Raises:
+        OpenAPISpecLoadError:
+            If the spec cannot be loaded or validated.
+        ValueError:
+            If any operation is missing ``operationId``.
+    """
+    spec = load_openapi(spec_path)
+    output_dir = Path(output_dir).resolve()
+    output_dir.mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)
+
+    # Group paths by resource (first non-param path segment)
+    resources: dict[str, list[tuple[str, str, dict]]] = {}
+
+    paths = spec.get("paths", {})
+    for path, methods in paths.items():
+        segments = [s for s in path.split("/") if s and not s.startswith("{")]
+        if not segments:
+            continue
+        resource = segments[0]
+        if resource not in resources:
+            resources[resource] = []
+
+        for http_method, operation in methods.items():
+            if http_method.startswith("x-"):
+                continue
+            resources[resource].append((path, http_method, operation))
+
+    generated_files: list[Path] = []
+
+    for resource in sorted(resources):
+        operations = resources[resource]
+        _validate_operations(resource, operations)
+
+        file_path = output_dir / f"{resource}.py"
+        content = _generate_resource_file(
+            resource=resource,
+            operations=operations,
+            spec_path=str(spec_path),
+            use_models=use_models,
+            models_module=models_module,
+        )
+        file_path.write_text(content, encoding="utf-8")
+        generated_files.append(file_path)
+
+    return generated_files
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Internal helpers
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+_TYPE_MAP: dict[str, str] = {
+    "integer": "int",
+    "number": "float",
+    "boolean": "bool",
+    "string": "str",
+    "array": "list",
+    "object": "dict",
+}
+
+
+def _validate_operations(resource: str, operations: list[tuple[str, str, dict]]) -> None:
+    """Ensure every operation has an operationId."""
+    for path, http_method, operation in operations:
+        if not operation.get("operationId"):
+            raise ValueError(
+                f"Missing operationId for {http_method.upper()} {path} "
+                f"in resource '{resource}'. "
+                "All operations must have an explicit operationId."
+            )
+
+
+def _resolve_type(schema: dict[str, Any]) -> str:
+    """Map an OpenAPI schema type to a Python type annotation."""
+    openapi_type = schema.get("type", "")
+    return _TYPE_MAP.get(openapi_type, "str")
+
+
+def _get_request_body_schema(operation: dict[str, Any]) -> str | None:
+    """Extract the ``$ref`` schema name from a request body, if any."""
+    request_body = operation.get("requestBody")
+    if not request_body:
+        return None
+
+    content = request_body.get("content", {})
+    for media_info in content.values():
+        schema = media_info.get("schema", {})
+        ref = schema.get("$ref", "")
+        if ref:
+            return ref.rsplit("/", 1)[-1]
+    return None
+
+
+def _get_success_status(operation: dict[str, Any]) -> str:
+    """Return the primary success status code (200, 201, 204, or default)."""
+    responses = operation.get("responses", {})
+    for code in ("201", "200", "204"):
+        if code in responses:
+            return code
+    if "default" in responses:
+        return "default"
+    return "200"
+
+
+def _needs_any(operations: list[tuple[str, str, dict]]) -> bool:
+    """Check if any operation uses a type that requires `from typing import Any`."""
+    for _, _, op in operations:
+        for param in op.get("parameters", []):
+            schema = param.get("schema", {})
+            if schema.get("type", "") not in _TYPE_MAP:
+                return True
+    return False
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# File / function generation
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+def _generate_resource_file(
+    resource: str,
+    operations: list[tuple[str, str, dict]],
+    spec_path: str,
+    use_models: bool,
+    models_module: str,
+) -> str:
+    """Assemble the full Python source for a single resource file."""
+    op_ids = [op.get("operationId", "") for _, _, op in operations]
+    lines: list[str] = [
+        f'"""Route handlers for the {resource} resource.',
+        "",
+        f"Generated from OpenAPI spec: {spec_path}",
+        f'Bind via operationIds: {", ".join(op_ids)}',
+        '"""',
+        "",
+        "from fastapi import Response, HTTPException",
+    ]
+
+    # Conditional typing import
+    if _needs_any(operations):
+        lines.append("from typing import Any")
+
+    # Conditional model imports
+    if use_models:
+        schemas_needed: set[str] = set()
+        for _, _, op in operations:
+            schema = _get_request_body_schema(op)
+            if schema:
+                schemas_needed.add(schema)
+        if schemas_needed:
+            lines.append(f"from {models_module} import {', '.join(sorted(schemas_needed))}")
+
+    lines.append("")
+
+    for path, http_method, operation in operations:
+        lines.append("")
+        lines.extend(_generate_handler(path, http_method, operation, use_models))
+
+    lines.append("")
+    return "\n".join(lines)
+
+
+def _generate_handler(
+    path: str,
+    http_method: str,
+    operation: dict[str, Any],
+    use_models: bool,
+) -> list[str]:
+    """Build the source lines for a single handler function."""
+    operation_id = operation.get("operationId", "")
+    summary = operation.get("summary", f"{http_method.upper()} {path}")
+
+    params: list[str] = []
+    path_params: list[str] = []
+    query_params: list[str] = []
+
+    for param in operation.get("parameters", []):
+        name: str = param.get("name", "")
+        param_in: str = param.get("in", "")
+        schema: dict[str, Any] = param.get("schema", {})
+        param_type: str = _resolve_type(schema)
+        required: bool = param.get("required", False)
+        description: str = schema.get("description", schema.get("x-description", ""))
+        default_raw = schema.get("default")
+
+        if param_in == "path":
+            path_params.append(f"{name}: {param_type}")
+        elif param_in == "query":
+            if default_raw is not None:
+                default_repr = repr(default_raw)
+                query_params.append(f"{name}: {param_type} = {default_repr}")
+            elif required:
+                query_params.append(f"{name}: {param_type}")
+            else:
+                query_params.append(f"{name}: {param_type} = None")
+        # header / cookie params could be extended here
+
+    params.extend(path_params)
+    params.extend(query_params)
+
+    # Request body
+    schema_name = _get_request_body_schema(operation)
+    if operation.get("requestBody"):
+        if use_models and schema_name:
+            params.append(f"payload: {schema_name}")
+        else:
+            params.append("payload: dict")
+
+    # Inject Response for non-200 success codes
+    success_status = _get_success_status(operation)
+    if success_status in ("201", "204"):
+        params.append("response: Response")
+
+    # Build function body
+    lines: list[str] = []
+    param_str = ", ".join(params)
+    lines.append(f"def {operation_id}({param_str}):")
+    lines.append(f'    """{summary}')
+
+    # Document parameters
+    doc_params: list[tuple[str, str, str]] = []
+    for param in operation.get("parameters", []):
+        name: str = param.get("name", "")
+        param_in: str = param.get("in", "")
+        schema: dict[str, Any] = param.get("schema", {})
+        param_type: str = _resolve_type(schema)
+        description: str = param.get("description", schema.get("x-description", ""))
+        if param_in in ("path", "query"):
+            doc_params.append((name, param_type, description))
+
+    if doc_params:
+        lines.append("")
+        lines.append("    Parameters")
+        lines.append("    ----------")
+        for pname, ptype, desc in doc_params:
+            if desc:
+                lines.append(f"    {pname} : {ptype}")
+                lines.append(f"        {desc}")
+            else:
+                lines.append(f"    {pname} : {ptype}")
+
+    if operation.get("requestBody"):
+        if use_models and schema_name:
+            lines.append("")
+            lines.append(f"    payload : {schema_name}")
+            lines.append("        Request body.")
+        else:
+            lines.append("")
+            lines.append("    payload : dict")
+            lines.append("        Request body.")
+
+    lines.append('    """')
+    lines.append("    raise NotImplementedError")
+
+    return lines
diff --git a/pyproject.toml b/pyproject.toml
index 2bc1286..8c8b9cc 100644
--- a/pyproject.toml
+++ b/pyproject.toml
@@ -52,6 +52,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
     # YAML support (optional but recommended)
     "pyyaml>=6.0.1",
+
+    # Code generation
+    "datamodel-code-generator>=0.25.0",
 ]
 
 [project.scripts]