fk fixes

openapi_first/__init__.py

@@ -100,6 +100,8 @@ from . import binder
 from . import loader
 from . import client
 from . import errors
+from . import codegen
+from . import codegen_routes
 
 __all__ = [
     "app",
@@ -107,4 +109,6 @@ __all__ = [
     "loader",
     "client",
     "errors",
+    "codegen",
+    "codegen_routes",
 ]

openapi_first/__init__.pyi

@@ -3,5 +3,7 @@ from . import binder as binder
 from . import loader as loader
 from . import client as client
 from . import errors as errors
+from . import codegen as codegen
+from . import codegen_routes as codegen_routes
 
-__all__ = ["app", "binder", "loader", "client", "errors"]
+__all__ = ["app", "binder", "loader", "client", "errors", "codegen", "codegen_routes"]

openapi_first/cli.py

@@ -66,38 +66,135 @@ def copy_template(template: str, target_dir: Path) -> None:
 
 def main() -> None:
     parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(
-        description="FastAPI OpenAPI-first scaffolding tools"
+        description="FastAPI OpenAPI-first developer tools"
     )
-    parser.add_argument(
+    subparsers = parser.add_subparsers(dest="command", help="Command to execute")
+
+    # Scaffold command
+    scaffold_parser = subparsers.add_parser(
+        "scaffold", help="Scaffold a new OpenAPI-first FastAPI application"
+    )
+    scaffold_parser.add_argument(
         "template",
         nargs="?",
         default=DEFAULT_TEMPLATE,
         help=f"Template name (default: {DEFAULT_TEMPLATE})",
     )
-    parser.add_argument(
+    scaffold_parser.add_argument(
         "path",
         nargs="?",
         default=None,
         help="Target directory (defaults to template name)",
     )
-    parser.add_argument(
+    scaffold_parser.add_argument(
         "--list",
         action="store_true",
         help="List available templates and exit",
     )
 
+    # Models command
+    models_parser = subparsers.add_parser(
+        "models", help="Generate Pydantic models from an OpenAPI specification"
+    )
+    models_parser.add_argument(
+        "spec",
+        help="Path to the OpenAPI specification file",
+    )
+    models_parser.add_argument(
+        "-o",
+        "--output",
+        required=True,
+        help="Path to the output Python file",
+    )
+
+    # Routes command
+    routes_parser = subparsers.add_parser(
+        "routes",
+        help="Generate route handler stubs from an OpenAPI specification",
+    )
+    routes_parser.add_argument(
+        "spec",
+        help="Path to the OpenAPI specification file",
+    )
+    routes_parser.add_argument(
+        "-o",
+        "--output-dir",
+        required=True,
+        help="Directory where route files will be created",
+    )
+    routes_parser.add_argument(
+        "--use-models",
+        action="store_true",
+        default=False,
+        help="Import Pydantic models for request bodies",
+    )
+    routes_parser.add_argument(
+        "--models-module",
+        default="models",
+        help="Python module path for models (default: models)",
+    )
+
     args = parser.parse_args()
 
-    if args.list:
+    if args.command == "models":
-        for name in available_templates():
+        from .codegen import generate_models
-            print(name)
+
+        try:
+            generate_models(Path(args.spec), Path(args.output))
+            print(f"Models generated successfully at {args.output}")
+        except Exception as exc:
+            raise SystemExit(str(exc)) from exc
         return
 
-    target = Path(args.path or args.template.replace("_", "-"))
+    if args.command == "routes":
+        from .codegen import generate_routes
 
-    try:
+        try:
-        copy_template(args.template, target)
+            files = generate_routes(
-    except Exception as exc:
+                spec_path=Path(args.spec),
-        raise SystemExit(str(exc)) from exc
+                output_dir=Path(args.output_dir),
+                use_models=args.use_models,
+                models_module=args.models_module,
+            )
+            print(f"Generated {len(files)} route file(s):")
+            for f in files:
+                print(f"  {f}")
+        except Exception as exc:
+            raise SystemExit(str(exc)) from exc
+        return
 
-    print(f"Template '{args.template}' created at {target}")
+    # Default to scaffold if no command or scaffold command
+    if args.command == "scaffold" or args.command is None:
+        # Handle the case where someone uses the old CLI style (openapi-first template path)
+        # argparse with subparsers might not automatically handle this if positional args are passed
+        # but let's assume we want to encourage the new style.
+        
+        # If no command was provided but positional args were, they might be for scaffolding
+        # This is a bit tricky with argparse subparsers. 
+        # For simplicity, let's just support the new explicit commands.
+        
+        if args.command is None and not any(vars(args).values()):
+            parser.print_help()
+            return
+
+        if getattr(args, "list", False):
+            for name in available_templates():
+                print(name)
+            return
+
+        template = getattr(args, "template", DEFAULT_TEMPLATE)
+        path_arg = getattr(args, "path", None)
+        target = Path(path_arg or template.replace("_", "-"))
+
+        try:
+            copy_template(template, target)
+            print(f"Template '{template}' created at {target}")
+        except Exception as exc:
+            raise SystemExit(str(exc)) from exc
+        return
+
+    parser.print_help()
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    main()

openapi_first/codegen.py

@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+"""
+# Summary
+
+Core logic for generating Python source code from OpenAPI specifications.
+
+This module provides reusable utilities for code generation, specifically
+generating Pydantic models and route handler stubs from OpenAPI 3.x schema
+definitions.
+"""
+
+from pathlib import Path
+from datamodel_code_generator import (
+    InputFileType,
+    PythonVersion,
+    generate,
+)
+
+from .codegen_routes import generate_routes
+
+
+def generate_models(
+    spec_path: Path,
+    output_path: Path,
+    pydantic_version: int = 2,
+) -> None:
+    """
+    Generate Pydantic models from an OpenAPI specification.
+
+    Args:
+        spec_path (Path):
+            Path to the OpenAPI specification file (YAML or JSON).
+        output_path (Path):
+            Path where the generated Python code should be written.
+        pydantic_version (int, optional):
+            The Pydantic version to target (1 or 2). Defaults to 2.
+
+    Notes:
+        **Reusability:**
+            This function is designed to be used by the CLI and can be
+            exposed as an MCP tool without modification.
+    """
+    generate(
+        input_=spec_path,
+        input_file_type=InputFileType.OpenAPI,
+        output=output_path,
+        target_python_version=PythonVersion.PY_310,
+        use_schema_description=True,
+        use_standard_collections=True,
+        use_union_operator=True,
+    )
+
+
+__all__ = ["generate_models", "generate_routes"]

openapi_first/codegen_routes.py

@@ -0,0 +1,312 @@
+"""
+Route handler code generation from OpenAPI specifications.
+
+This module generates Python route handler stubs from an OpenAPI 3.x
+specification. Each resource (derived from the first path segment)
+gets its own file under the output directory. Every OpenAPI operation
+must define an ``operationId``, which becomes the handler function name.
+
+Notes:
+    **Design constraints:**
+
+        - ``operationId`` is required on every operation (matching
+          ``binder.bind_routes``).
+        - Handlers are stubs raising ``NotImplementedError``.
+        - Sub-resources (e.g. ``/pets/{id}/photo``) are grouped with their
+          parent resource (``pets``).
+        - Parameter types and defaults are inferred from the spec.
+        - ``response: Response`` is injected for non-200 success codes.
+"""
+
+from pathlib import Path
+from typing import Any
+
+from .loader import load_openapi
+
+
+def generate_routes(
+    spec_path: Path,
+    output_dir: Path,
+    *,
+    use_models: bool = False,
+    models_module: str = "models",
+) -> list[Path]:
+    """
+    Generate route handler stubs from an OpenAPI specification.
+
+    Creates one ``<resource>.py`` file per resource in *output_dir*.
+    Resources are derived from the first path segment (e.g. ``/pets``
+    and ``/pets/{id}`` both group under ``pets``).
+
+    Args:
+        spec_path:
+            Path to the OpenAPI specification file (YAML or JSON).
+        output_dir:
+            Directory where the generated route files are written.
+            Created automatically if it does not exist.
+        use_models:
+            If ``True``, import Pydantic models from *models_module*
+            for request-body schemas referenced via ``$ref``.
+        models_module:
+            Dotted Python module path from which to import models
+            (e.g. ``"models"``, ``"app.models"``).
+
+    Returns:
+        list[Path]:
+            Absolute paths of every generated route file.
+
+    Raises:
+        OpenAPISpecLoadError:
+            If the spec cannot be loaded or validated.
+        ValueError:
+            If any operation is missing ``operationId``.
+    """
+    spec = load_openapi(spec_path)
+    output_dir = Path(output_dir).resolve()
+    output_dir.mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)
+
+    # Group paths by resource (first non-param path segment)
+    resources: dict[str, list[tuple[str, str, dict]]] = {}
+
+    paths = spec.get("paths", {})
+    for path, methods in paths.items():
+        segments = [s for s in path.split("/") if s and not s.startswith("{")]
+        if not segments:
+            continue
+        resource = segments[0]
+        if resource not in resources:
+            resources[resource] = []
+
+        for http_method, operation in methods.items():
+            if http_method.startswith("x-"):
+                continue
+            resources[resource].append((path, http_method, operation))
+
+    generated_files: list[Path] = []
+
+    for resource in sorted(resources):
+        operations = resources[resource]
+        _validate_operations(resource, operations)
+
+        file_path = output_dir / f"{resource}.py"
+        content = _generate_resource_file(
+            resource=resource,
+            operations=operations,
+            spec_path=str(spec_path),
+            use_models=use_models,
+            models_module=models_module,
+        )
+        file_path.write_text(content, encoding="utf-8")
+        generated_files.append(file_path)
+
+    return generated_files
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Internal helpers
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+_TYPE_MAP: dict[str, str] = {
+    "integer": "int",
+    "number": "float",
+    "boolean": "bool",
+    "string": "str",
+    "array": "list",
+    "object": "dict",
+}
+
+
+def _validate_operations(resource: str, operations: list[tuple[str, str, dict]]) -> None:
+    """Ensure every operation has an operationId."""
+    for path, http_method, operation in operations:
+        if not operation.get("operationId"):
+            raise ValueError(
+                f"Missing operationId for {http_method.upper()} {path} "
+                f"in resource '{resource}'. "
+                "All operations must have an explicit operationId."
+            )
+
+
+def _resolve_type(schema: dict[str, Any]) -> str:
+    """Map an OpenAPI schema type to a Python type annotation."""
+    openapi_type = schema.get("type", "")
+    return _TYPE_MAP.get(openapi_type, "str")
+
+
+def _get_request_body_schema(operation: dict[str, Any]) -> str | None:
+    """Extract the ``$ref`` schema name from a request body, if any."""
+    request_body = operation.get("requestBody")
+    if not request_body:
+        return None
+
+    content = request_body.get("content", {})
+    for media_info in content.values():
+        schema = media_info.get("schema", {})
+        ref = schema.get("$ref", "")
+        if ref:
+            return ref.rsplit("/", 1)[-1]
+    return None
+
+
+def _get_success_status(operation: dict[str, Any]) -> str:
+    """Return the primary success status code (200, 201, 204, or default)."""
+    responses = operation.get("responses", {})
+    for code in ("201", "200", "204"):
+        if code in responses:
+            return code
+    if "default" in responses:
+        return "default"
+    return "200"
+
+
+def _needs_any(operations: list[tuple[str, str, dict]]) -> bool:
+    """Check if any operation uses a type that requires `from typing import Any`."""
+    for _, _, op in operations:
+        for param in op.get("parameters", []):
+            schema = param.get("schema", {})
+            if schema.get("type", "") not in _TYPE_MAP:
+                return True
+    return False
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# File / function generation
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+def _generate_resource_file(
+    resource: str,
+    operations: list[tuple[str, str, dict]],
+    spec_path: str,
+    use_models: bool,
+    models_module: str,
+) -> str:
+    """Assemble the full Python source for a single resource file."""
+    op_ids = [op.get("operationId", "") for _, _, op in operations]
+    lines: list[str] = [
+        f'"""Route handlers for the {resource} resource.',
+        "",
+        f"Generated from OpenAPI spec: {spec_path}",
+        f'Bind via operationIds: {", ".join(op_ids)}',
+        '"""',
+        "",
+        "from fastapi import Response, HTTPException",
+    ]
+
+    # Conditional typing import
+    if _needs_any(operations):
+        lines.append("from typing import Any")
+
+    # Conditional model imports
+    if use_models:
+        schemas_needed: set[str] = set()
+        for _, _, op in operations:
+            schema = _get_request_body_schema(op)
+            if schema:
+                schemas_needed.add(schema)
+        if schemas_needed:
+            lines.append(f"from {models_module} import {', '.join(sorted(schemas_needed))}")
+
+    lines.append("")
+
+    for path, http_method, operation in operations:
+        lines.append("")
+        lines.extend(_generate_handler(path, http_method, operation, use_models))
+
+    lines.append("")
+    return "\n".join(lines)
+
+
+def _generate_handler(
+    path: str,
+    http_method: str,
+    operation: dict[str, Any],
+    use_models: bool,
+) -> list[str]:
+    """Build the source lines for a single handler function."""
+    operation_id = operation.get("operationId", "")
+    summary = operation.get("summary", f"{http_method.upper()} {path}")
+
+    params: list[str] = []
+    path_params: list[str] = []
+    query_params: list[str] = []
+
+    for param in operation.get("parameters", []):
+        name: str = param.get("name", "")
+        param_in: str = param.get("in", "")
+        schema: dict[str, Any] = param.get("schema", {})
+        param_type: str = _resolve_type(schema)
+        required: bool = param.get("required", False)
+        description: str = schema.get("description", schema.get("x-description", ""))
+        default_raw = schema.get("default")
+
+        if param_in == "path":
+            path_params.append(f"{name}: {param_type}")
+        elif param_in == "query":
+            if default_raw is not None:
+                default_repr = repr(default_raw)
+                query_params.append(f"{name}: {param_type} = {default_repr}")
+            elif required:
+                query_params.append(f"{name}: {param_type}")
+            else:
+                query_params.append(f"{name}: {param_type} = None")
+        # header / cookie params could be extended here
+
+    params.extend(path_params)
+    params.extend(query_params)
+
+    # Request body
+    schema_name = _get_request_body_schema(operation)
+    if operation.get("requestBody"):
+        if use_models and schema_name:
+            params.append(f"payload: {schema_name}")
+        else:
+            params.append("payload: dict")
+
+    # Inject Response for non-200 success codes
+    success_status = _get_success_status(operation)
+    if success_status in ("201", "204"):
+        params.append("response: Response")
+
+    # Build function body
+    lines: list[str] = []
+    param_str = ", ".join(params)
+    lines.append(f"def {operation_id}({param_str}):")
+    lines.append(f'    """{summary}')
+
+    # Document parameters
+    doc_params: list[tuple[str, str, str]] = []
+    for param in operation.get("parameters", []):
+        name: str = param.get("name", "")
+        param_in: str = param.get("in", "")
+        schema: dict[str, Any] = param.get("schema", {})
+        param_type: str = _resolve_type(schema)
+        description: str = param.get("description", schema.get("x-description", ""))
+        if param_in in ("path", "query"):
+            doc_params.append((name, param_type, description))
+
+    if doc_params:
+        lines.append("")
+        lines.append("    Parameters")
+        lines.append("    ----------")
+        for pname, ptype, desc in doc_params:
+            if desc:
+                lines.append(f"    {pname} : {ptype}")
+                lines.append(f"        {desc}")
+            else:
+                lines.append(f"    {pname} : {ptype}")
+
+    if operation.get("requestBody"):
+        if use_models and schema_name:
+            lines.append("")
+            lines.append(f"    payload : {schema_name}")
+            lines.append("        Request body.")
+        else:
+            lines.append("")
+            lines.append("    payload : dict")
+            lines.append("        Request body.")
+
+    lines.append('    """')
+    lines.append("    raise NotImplementedError")
+
+    return lines

openapi_first/templates/crud_app/test_crud_app.py

@@ -70,7 +70,7 @@ def test_create_item():
     }
 
     response = client.create_item(
-        body=payload
+        body=payload,
     )
     assert response.status_code == 201
 
@@ -115,7 +115,7 @@ def test_update_item():
 def test_delete_item():
     """Deleting an item should remove it from the store."""
     response = client.delete_item(
-        path_params={"item_id": 2}
+        path_params={"item_id": 2},
     )
     assert response.status_code == 204
 

openapi_first/templates/model_app/test_model_app.py

@@ -69,7 +69,7 @@ def test_create_item():
     }
 
     response = client.create_item(
-        body=payload
+        body=payload,
     )
     assert response.status_code == 201
 
@@ -114,7 +114,7 @@ def test_update_item():
 def test_delete_item():
     """Deleting an item should remove it from the store."""
     response = client.delete_item(
-        path_params={"item_id": 2}
+        path_params={"item_id": 2},
     )
     assert response.status_code == 204
 

openapi_first/templates/vet_app/__init__.py

@@ -0,0 +1,97 @@
+"""
+OpenAPI-first Veterinary Clinic application template.
+
+This package contains a complete, runnable example of an OpenAPI-first
+veterinary clinic management service. It demonstrates all ``x-`` extension
+fields consumed by the ``react-openapi`` admin panel renderer.
+
+The application manages five resources:
+
+- **Parents** — pet owners with contact details
+- **Vets** — veterinarians with specializations
+- **Treatments** — medical procedure catalog
+- **Pets** — animals with species, age, weight, and photos
+- **Appointments** — scheduled visits linking pets, vets, and treatments
+
+All HTTP routes, methods, schemas, and operation bindings are defined
+in the OpenAPI specification (``openapi.yaml``). Every operation has an
+explicit ``operationId`` that maps to a Python handler in ``routes.py``.
+
+This file is a copyable template. It is not part of the ``openapi_first``
+library API surface.
+
+----------------------------------------------------------------------
+OpenAPI x- extension fields demonstrated
+----------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+Schema-level extensions (mark a schema as a UI resource):
+
+  ``x-resource``         (REQUIRED) Maps schema to URL path segment
+  ``x-primary-key``      (REQUIRED) Primary key property name
+  ``x-display-format``   (REQUIRED) Human-readable label template
+  ``x-list-columns``     (REQUIRED) Columns for the datatable
+
+Property-level extensions (control UI rendering):
+
+  ``x-label``            (REQUIRED) Human-readable field label
+  ``x-order``            (REQUIRED) Field ordering in forms/detail
+  ``x-description``      (optional) Helper text below form fields
+  ``x-hidden``           (optional) Visibility in form / list / detail
+  ``x-filterable``       (optional) Allows column filtering
+  ``x-sortable``         (optional) Allows column sorting
+  ``x-fk``               (optional) Foreign key — renders as dropdown
+  ``x-fk.resource``      (REQUIRED for FK) Target resource name
+  ``x-fk.prefetch``      (optional) Preload all FK options on mount
+  ``x-ui-type``          (optional) Custom UI type (e.g. image upload)
+  ``x-upload-url``       (optional) Upload endpoint for binary fields
+
+----------------------------------------------------------------------
+Scaffolding via CLI
+----------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+Create a new vet clinic service using the bundled template:
+
+    openapi-first vet_app
+
+Create the service in a custom directory:
+
+    openapi-first vet_app my-vet-clinic
+
+----------------------------------------------------------------------
+Client Usage Example
+----------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+    from openapi_first.loader import load_openapi
+    from openapi_first.client import OpenAPIClient
+
+    spec = load_openapi("openapi.yaml")
+    client = OpenAPIClient(spec)
+
+    # List pets with pagination
+    response = client.list_pets(query_params={"limit": 10, "offset": 0})
+
+    # Create a pet with FK references
+    response = client.create_pet(
+        body={"name": "Fido", "species": "dog", "parents": [1, 2]}
+    )
+
+    # Upload a pet photo
+    response = client.upload_pet_photo(
+        path_params={"id": 1},
+        body={"file": open("photo.jpg", "rb")},
+    )
+
+----------------------------------------------------------------------
+Non-Goals
+----------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+This template is intentionally minimal and is NOT:
+- production-ready
+- persistent or concurrency-safe
+- a reference architecture for data storage
+
+It exists solely as a copyable example for learning, testing, and
+bootstrapping OpenAPI-first services.
+
+This package is not part of the ``openapi_first`` library API surface.
+"""

openapi_first/templates/vet_app/data.py

@@ -0,0 +1,345 @@
+"""
+In-memory data store for the Veterinary Clinic example.
+
+This module is NOT thread-safe and is intended for demos and scaffolds only.
+
+It provides minimal, process-local data stores for the five veterinary
+clinic entities. Each store exposes standard CRUD operations backed by
+a simple dictionary.
+
+This module intentionally avoids:
+- persistence
+- concurrency guarantees
+- transactional semantics
+- validation beyond what Pydantic provides
+
+This module is not part of the ``openapi_first`` library API surface.
+"""
+
+from datetime import date, datetime, timezone
+
+from models import (
+    Parent, ParentCreate,
+    Vet, VetCreate,
+    Treatment, TreatmentCreate,
+    Pet, PetCreate,
+    Appointment, AppointmentCreate,
+)
+
+
+def _now():
+    return datetime.now(timezone.utc).isoformat()
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Parents
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+_parents: dict[int, Parent] = {}
+_parents_next_id = 1
+
+
+def list_parents() -> list[Parent]:
+    return list(_parents.values())
+
+
+def get_parent(parent_id: int) -> Parent:
+    return _parents[parent_id]
+
+
+def create_parent(payload: ParentCreate) -> Parent:
+    global _parents_next_id
+    now = _now()
+    parent = Parent(
+        id=_parents_next_id,
+        name=payload.name,
+        email=payload.email,
+        phone=payload.phone,
+        metadata={"createdOn": now, "updatedOn": now} if payload.metadata else None,
+    )
+    _parents[_parents_next_id] = parent
+    _parents_next_id += 1
+    return parent
+
+
+def update_parent(parent_id: int, payload: ParentCreate) -> Parent:
+    if parent_id not in _parents:
+        raise KeyError(parent_id)
+    now = _now()
+    current = _parents[parent_id]
+    updated = Parent(
+        id=parent_id,
+        name=payload.name,
+        email=payload.email,
+        phone=payload.phone if payload.phone is not None else current.phone,
+        metadata={"createdOn": current.metadata["createdOn"] if current.metadata else None, "updatedOn": now},
+    )
+    _parents[parent_id] = updated
+    return updated
+
+
+def delete_parent(parent_id: int) -> None:
+    del _parents[parent_id]
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Vets
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+_vets: dict[int, Vet] = {}
+_vets_next_id = 1
+
+
+def list_vets() -> list[Vet]:
+    return list(_vets.values())
+
+
+def get_vet(vet_id: int) -> Vet:
+    return _vets[vet_id]
+
+
+def create_vet(payload: VetCreate) -> Vet:
+    global _vets_next_id
+    now = _now()
+    vet = Vet(
+        id=_vets_next_id,
+        name=payload.name,
+        specialty=payload.specialty,
+        email=payload.email,
+        phone=payload.phone,
+        metadata={"createdOn": now, "updatedOn": now} if payload.metadata else None,
+    )
+    _vets[_vets_next_id] = vet
+    _vets_next_id += 1
+    return vet
+
+
+def update_vet(vet_id: int, payload: VetCreate) -> Vet:
+    if vet_id not in _vets:
+        raise KeyError(vet_id)
+    now = _now()
+    current = _vets[vet_id]
+    updated = Vet(
+        id=vet_id,
+        name=payload.name,
+        specialty=payload.specialty if payload.specialty is not None else current.specialty,
+        email=payload.email,
+        phone=payload.phone if payload.phone is not None else current.phone,
+        metadata={"createdOn": current.metadata["createdOn"] if current.metadata else None, "updatedOn": now},
+    )
+    _vets[vet_id] = updated
+    return updated
+
+
+def delete_vet(vet_id: int) -> None:
+    del _vets[vet_id]
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Treatments
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+_treatments: dict[int, Treatment] = {}
+_treatments_next_id = 1
+
+
+def list_treatments() -> list[Treatment]:
+    return list(_treatments.values())
+
+
+def get_treatment(treatment_id: int) -> Treatment:
+    return _treatments[treatment_id]
+
+
+def create_treatment(payload: TreatmentCreate) -> Treatment:
+    global _treatments_next_id
+    now = _now()
+    treatment = Treatment(
+        id=_treatments_next_id,
+        label=payload.label,
+        description=payload.description,
+        metadata={"createdOn": now, "updatedOn": now} if payload.metadata else None,
+    )
+    _treatments[_treatments_next_id] = treatment
+    _treatments_next_id += 1
+    return treatment
+
+
+def update_treatment(treatment_id: int, payload: TreatmentCreate) -> Treatment:
+    if treatment_id not in _treatments:
+        raise KeyError(treatment_id)
+    now = _now()
+    current = _treatments[treatment_id]
+    updated = Treatment(
+        id=treatment_id,
+        label=payload.label,
+        description=payload.description if payload.description is not None else current.description,
+        metadata={"createdOn": current.metadata["createdOn"] if current.metadata else None, "updatedOn": now},
+    )
+    _treatments[treatment_id] = updated
+    return updated
+
+
+def delete_treatment(treatment_id: int) -> None:
+    del _treatments[treatment_id]
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Pets
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+_pets: dict[int, Pet] = {}
+_pets_next_id = 1
+
+
+def list_pets() -> list[Pet]:
+    return list(_pets.values())
+
+
+def get_pet(pet_id: int) -> Pet:
+    return _pets[pet_id]
+
+
+def create_pet(payload: PetCreate) -> Pet:
+    global _pets_next_id
+    now = _now()
+    parents = [_parents[pid] for pid in payload.parent_ids]
+    pet = Pet(
+        id=_pets_next_id,
+        name=payload.name,
+        species=payload.species,
+        age=payload.age,
+        weight=payload.weight,
+        birthDate=payload.birthDate,
+        photo=payload.photo,
+        parents=parents,
+        metadata={"createdOn": now, "updatedOn": now} if payload.metadata else None,
+    )
+    _pets[_pets_next_id] = pet
+    _pets_next_id += 1
+    return pet
+
+
+def update_pet(pet_id: int, payload: PetCreate) -> Pet:
+    if pet_id not in _pets:
+        raise KeyError(pet_id)
+    now = _now()
+    parents = [_parents[pid] for pid in payload.parent_ids]
+    current = _pets[pet_id]
+    updated = Pet(
+        id=pet_id,
+        name=payload.name,
+        species=payload.species,
+        age=payload.age if payload.age is not None else current.age,
+        weight=payload.weight if payload.weight is not None else current.weight,
+        birthDate=payload.birthDate if payload.birthDate is not None else current.birthDate,
+        photo=payload.photo if payload.photo is not None else current.photo,
+        parents=parents,
+        metadata={"createdOn": current.metadata["createdOn"] if current.metadata else None, "updatedOn": now},
+    )
+    _pets[pet_id] = updated
+    return updated
+
+
+def delete_pet(pet_id: int) -> None:
+    del _pets[pet_id]
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Appointments
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+_appointments: dict[int, Appointment] = {}
+_appointments_next_id = 1
+
+
+def list_appointments() -> list[Appointment]:
+    return list(_appointments.values())
+
+
+def get_appointment(appointment_id: int) -> Appointment:
+    return _appointments[appointment_id]
+
+
+def create_appointment(payload: AppointmentCreate) -> Appointment:
+    global _appointments_next_id
+    now = _now()
+    appointment = Appointment(
+        id=_appointments_next_id,
+        date=payload.date,
+        notes=payload.notes,
+        pet=_pets[payload.pet_id],
+        vet=_vets[payload.vet_id],
+        treatment=_treatments[payload.treatment_id],
+        metadata={"createdOn": now, "updatedOn": now} if payload.metadata else None,
+    )
+    _appointments[_appointments_next_id] = appointment
+    _appointments_next_id += 1
+    return appointment
+
+
+def update_appointment(appointment_id: int, payload: AppointmentCreate) -> Appointment:
+    if appointment_id not in _appointments:
+        raise KeyError(appointment_id)
+    now = _now()
+    current = _appointments[appointment_id]
+    updated = Appointment(
+        id=appointment_id,
+        date=payload.date,
+        notes=payload.notes if payload.notes is not None else current.notes,
+        pet=_pets.get(payload.pet_id, current.pet),
+        vet=_vets.get(payload.vet_id, current.vet),
+        treatment=_treatments.get(payload.treatment_id, current.treatment),
+        metadata={"createdOn": current.metadata["createdOn"] if current.metadata else None, "updatedOn": now},
+    )
+    _appointments[appointment_id] = updated
+    return updated
+
+
+def delete_appointment(appointment_id: int) -> None:
+    del _appointments[appointment_id]
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Seed data — populate stores so the UI isn't empty on startup
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+def _seed_data():
+    now = _now()
+    meta = {"createdOn": now, "updatedOn": now}
+    global _parents_next_id, _vets_next_id, _treatments_next_id
+    global _pets_next_id, _appointments_next_id
+
+    _parents[1] = Parent(id=1, name="Alice Johnson", email="alice@example.com", phone="555-0101", metadata=meta)
+    _parents[2] = Parent(id=2, name="Bob Smith", email="bob@example.com", phone="555-0102", metadata=meta)
+    _parents[3] = Parent(id=3, name="Carol Williams", email="carol@example.com", phone="555-0103", metadata=meta)
+    _parents[4] = Parent(id=4, name="Dave Brown", email="dave@example.com", phone="555-0104", metadata=meta)
+    _parents_next_id = 5
+
+    _vets[1] = Vet(id=1, name="Sarah Connor", specialty="Surgery", email="sarah@clinic.com", phone="555-0201", metadata=meta)
+    _vets[2] = Vet(id=2, name="James Wilson", specialty="Dentistry", email="james@clinic.com", phone="555-0202", metadata=meta)
+    _vets[3] = Vet(id=3, name="Emily Davis", specialty="General Practice", email="emily@clinic.com", phone="555-0203", metadata=meta)
+    _vets_next_id = 4
+
+    _treatments[1] = Treatment(id=1, label="Annual Checkup", description="Full physical examination", metadata=meta)
+    _treatments[2] = Treatment(id=2, label="Vaccination", description="Core vaccines for common diseases", metadata=meta)
+    _treatments[3] = Treatment(id=3, label="Dental Cleaning", description="Scaling, polishing, and oral exam", metadata=meta)
+    _treatments[4] = Treatment(id=4, label="Spay/Neuter", description="Surgical sterilization", metadata=meta)
+    _treatments[5] = Treatment(id=5, label="Blood Panel", description="Complete blood count and chemistry", metadata=meta)
+    _treatments_next_id = 6
+
+    _pets[1] = Pet(id=1, name="Max", species="dog", age=4, weight=25.5, birthDate=date(2022, 3, 15), parents=[_parents[1]], metadata=meta)
+    _pets[2] = Pet(id=2, name="Luna", species="cat", age=2, weight=4.2, birthDate=date(2024, 1, 10), parents=[_parents[1], _parents[2]], metadata=meta)
+    _pets[3] = Pet(id=3, name="Charlie", species="dog", age=7, weight=18.0, birthDate=date(2019, 8, 22), parents=[_parents[2]], metadata=meta)
+    _pets[4] = Pet(id=4, name="Bella", species="bird", age=1, weight=0.3, birthDate=date(2025, 5, 1), parents=[_parents[3]], metadata=meta)
+    _pets[5] = Pet(id=5, name="Rocky", species="dog", age=3, weight=30.0, birthDate=date(2023, 11, 5), parents=[_parents[4]], metadata=meta)
+    _pets_next_id = 6
+
+    _appointments[1] = Appointment(id=1, date=datetime(2026, 6, 18, 9, 0, tzinfo=timezone.utc), notes="Annual checkup", pet=_pets[1], vet=_vets[1], treatment=_treatments[1], metadata=meta)
+    _appointments[2] = Appointment(id=2, date=datetime(2026, 6, 18, 10, 30, tzinfo=timezone.utc), notes="Dental cleaning", pet=_pets[2], vet=_vets[2], treatment=_treatments[3], metadata=meta)
+    _appointments[3] = Appointment(id=3, date=datetime(2026, 6, 19, 11, 0, tzinfo=timezone.utc), notes="Vaccination booster", pet=_pets[3], vet=_vets[3], treatment=_treatments[2], metadata=meta)
+    _appointments[4] = Appointment(id=4, date=datetime(2026, 6, 20, 14, 0, tzinfo=timezone.utc), notes="Follow-up after surgery", pet=_pets[5], vet=_vets[1], treatment=_treatments[4], metadata=meta)
+    _appointments_next_id = 5
+
+
+_seed_data()

openapi_first/templates/vet_app/main.py

@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+"""
+Application entry point for an OpenAPI-first Veterinary Clinic service.
+
+This module constructs a FastAPI application exclusively from an
+OpenAPI specification and a handler namespace, without using
+decorator-driven routing.
+
+All HTTP routes, methods, request/response schemas, and operation
+bindings are defined in the OpenAPI document referenced by
+``openapi_path``. Python callables defined in the ``routes`` module are
+bound to OpenAPI operations strictly via ``operationId``.
+
+This module contains no routing logic, persistence concerns, or
+framework configuration beyond application assembly.
+
+Design guarantees:
+- OpenAPI is the single source of truth
+- No undocumented routes can exist
+- Every OpenAPI operationId must resolve to exactly one handler
+- All contract violations fail at application startup
+
+This file is intended to be used as the ASGI entry point.
+
+Example:
+    uvicorn main:app
+"""
+
+from starlette.middleware.cors import CORSMiddleware
+
+from openapi_first.app import OpenAPIFirstApp
+import routes
+
+app = OpenAPIFirstApp(
+    openapi_path="openapi.yaml",
+    routes_module=routes,
+    title="Veterinary Clinic Service",
+)
+
+app.add_middleware(
+    CORSMiddleware,
+    allow_origins=["http://localhost:5173"],
+    allow_methods=["*"],
+    allow_headers=["*"],
+)

openapi_first/templates/vet_app/models.py

@@ -0,0 +1,90 @@
+from datetime import date, datetime
+from pydantic import BaseModel
+
+
+class Metadata(BaseModel):
+    createdOn: datetime | None = None
+    updatedOn: datetime | None = None
+
+
+class ParentBase(BaseModel):
+    name: str
+    email: str
+    phone: str | None = None
+    metadata: Metadata | None = None
+
+
+class ParentCreate(ParentBase):
+    pass
+
+
+class Parent(ParentBase):
+    id: int
+
+
+class VetBase(BaseModel):
+    name: str
+    specialty: str | None = None
+    email: str
+    phone: str | None = None
+    metadata: Metadata | None = None
+
+
+class VetCreate(VetBase):
+    pass
+
+
+class Vet(VetBase):
+    id: int
+
+
+class TreatmentBase(BaseModel):
+    label: str
+    description: str | None = None
+    metadata: Metadata | None = None
+
+
+class TreatmentCreate(TreatmentBase):
+    pass
+
+
+class Treatment(TreatmentBase):
+    id: int
+
+
+class PetBase(BaseModel):
+    name: str
+    species: str
+    age: int | None = None
+    weight: float | None = None
+    birthDate: date | None = None
+    photo: str | None = None
+    metadata: Metadata | None = None
+
+
+class PetCreate(PetBase):
+    parent_ids: list[int] = []
+
+
+class Pet(PetBase):
+    id: int
+    parents: list[Parent] = []
+
+
+class AppointmentBase(BaseModel):
+    date: datetime
+    notes: str | None = None
+    metadata: Metadata | None = None
+
+
+class AppointmentCreate(AppointmentBase):
+    pet_id: int
+    vet_id: int
+    treatment_id: int
+
+
+class Appointment(AppointmentBase):
+    id: int
+    pet: Pet
+    vet: Vet
+    treatment: Treatment

openapi_first/templates/vet_app/routes.py

@@ -0,0 +1,365 @@
+"""
+Veterinary Clinic route handlers bound via OpenAPI operationId.
+
+Handlers explicitly control HTTP response status codes to ensure runtime
+behavior matches the OpenAPI contract. Domain models defined using
+Pydantic are used for request and response payloads.
+
+No routing decorators, path definitions, or implicit framework behavior
+appear in this module. All routing, HTTP methods, and schemas are defined
+in the OpenAPI specification.
+"""
+
+from fastapi import Response, HTTPException, UploadFile
+
+from models import (
+    ParentCreate,
+    VetCreate,
+    TreatmentCreate,
+    PetCreate,
+    AppointmentCreate,
+)
+from data import (
+    list_parents as _list_parents,
+    get_parent as _get_parent,
+    create_parent as _create_parent,
+    update_parent as _update_parent,
+    delete_parent as _delete_parent,
+    list_vets as _list_vets,
+    get_vet as _get_vet,
+    create_vet as _create_vet,
+    update_vet as _update_vet,
+    delete_vet as _delete_vet,
+    list_treatments as _list_treatments,
+    get_treatment as _get_treatment,
+    create_treatment as _create_treatment,
+    update_treatment as _update_treatment,
+    delete_treatment as _delete_treatment,
+    list_pets as _list_pets,
+    get_pet as _get_pet,
+    create_pet as _create_pet,
+    update_pet as _update_pet,
+    delete_pet as _delete_pet,
+    list_appointments as _list_appointments,
+    get_appointment as _get_appointment,
+    create_appointment as _create_appointment,
+    update_appointment as _update_appointment,
+    delete_appointment as _delete_appointment,
+)
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Parents
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+def list_parents(limit: int = 20, offset: int = 0):
+    """List parents (paginated).
+
+    Parameters
+    ----------
+    limit : int
+        Maximum number of records to return.
+    offset : int
+        Number of records to skip.
+
+    Returns
+    -------
+    dict
+        Paginated response with ``total`` and ``items``.
+    """
+    items = _list_parents()
+    return {"total": len(items), "items": items[offset:offset + limit] if limit else items[offset:]}
+
+
+def create_parent(payload: ParentCreate, response: Response):
+    """Create a parent.
+
+    Parameters
+    ----------
+    payload : ParentCreate
+        Parent data excluding the ``id`` field.
+
+    Returns
+    -------
+    Parent
+        The newly created parent.
+    """
+    parent = _create_parent(payload)
+    response.status_code = 201
+    return parent
+
+
+def get_parent(id: int):
+    """Retrieve a single parent by ID.
+
+    Parameters
+    ----------
+    id : int
+        Identifier of the parent.
+
+    Returns
+    -------
+    Parent
+        The requested parent.
+
+    Raises
+    ------
+    HTTPException
+        404 if the parent does not exist.
+    """
+    try:
+        return _get_parent(id)
+    except KeyError:
+        raise HTTPException(status_code=404, detail="Parent not found")
+
+
+def update_parent(id: int, payload: ParentCreate):
+    """Update an existing parent.
+
+    Parameters
+    ----------
+    id : int
+        Identifier of the parent.
+    payload : ParentCreate
+        Updated parent data.
+
+    Returns
+    -------
+    Parent
+        The updated parent.
+
+    Raises
+    ------
+    HTTPException
+        404 if the parent does not exist.
+    """
+    try:
+        return _update_parent(id, payload)
+    except KeyError:
+        raise HTTPException(status_code=404, detail="Parent not found")
+
+
+def delete_parent(id: int, response: Response):
+    """Delete an existing parent.
+
+    Parameters
+    ----------
+    id : int
+        Identifier of the parent.
+
+    Raises
+    ------
+    HTTPException
+        404 if the parent does not exist.
+    """
+    try:
+        _delete_parent(id)
+    except KeyError:
+        raise HTTPException(status_code=404, detail="Parent not found")
+    response.status_code = 204
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Vets
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+def list_vets(limit: int = 20, offset: int = 0):
+    """List vets (paginated)."""
+    items = _list_vets()
+    return {"total": len(items), "items": items[offset:offset + limit] if limit else items[offset:]}
+
+
+def create_vet(payload: VetCreate, response: Response):
+    """Create a vet."""
+    vet = _create_vet(payload)
+    response.status_code = 201
+    return vet
+
+
+def get_vet(id: int):
+    """Retrieve a single vet by ID."""
+    try:
+        return _get_vet(id)
+    except KeyError:
+        raise HTTPException(status_code=404, detail="Vet not found")
+
+
+def update_vet(id: int, payload: VetCreate):
+    """Update an existing vet."""
+    try:
+        return _update_vet(id, payload)
+    except KeyError:
+        raise HTTPException(status_code=404, detail="Vet not found")
+
+
+def delete_vet(id: int, response: Response):
+    """Delete an existing vet."""
+    try:
+        _delete_vet(id)
+    except KeyError:
+        raise HTTPException(status_code=404, detail="Vet not found")
+    response.status_code = 204
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Treatments
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+def list_treatments():
+    """List treatments (catalogue).
+
+    Returns
+    -------
+    list[Treatment]
+        A list of treatment domain objects.
+    """
+    return _list_treatments()
+
+
+def create_treatment(payload: TreatmentCreate, response: Response):
+    """Add a treatment (admin only)."""
+    treatment = _create_treatment(payload)
+    response.status_code = 201
+    return treatment
+
+
+def get_treatment(id: int):
+    """Retrieve a single treatment by ID."""
+    try:
+        return _get_treatment(id)
+    except KeyError:
+        raise HTTPException(status_code=404, detail="Treatment not found")
+
+
+def update_treatment(id: int, payload: TreatmentCreate):
+    """Update an existing treatment."""
+    try:
+        return _update_treatment(id, payload)
+    except KeyError:
+        raise HTTPException(status_code=404, detail="Treatment not found")
+
+
+def delete_treatment(id: int, response: Response):
+    """Delete an existing treatment."""
+    try:
+        _delete_treatment(id)
+    except KeyError:
+        raise HTTPException(status_code=404, detail="Treatment not found")
+    response.status_code = 204
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Pets
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+def list_pets(limit: int = 20, offset: int = 0):
+    """List pets (paginated)."""
+    items = _list_pets()
+    return {"total": len(items), "items": items[offset:offset + limit] if limit else items[offset:]}
+
+
+def create_pet(payload: PetCreate, response: Response):
+    """Create a pet."""
+    pet = _create_pet(payload)
+    response.status_code = 201
+    return pet
+
+
+def get_pet(id: int):
+    """Retrieve a single pet by ID."""
+    try:
+        return _get_pet(id)
+    except KeyError:
+        raise HTTPException(status_code=404, detail="Pet not found")
+
+
+def update_pet(id: int, payload: PetCreate):
+    """Update an existing pet."""
+    try:
+        return _update_pet(id, payload)
+    except KeyError:
+        raise HTTPException(status_code=404, detail="Pet not found")
+
+
+def delete_pet(id: int, response: Response):
+    """Delete an existing pet."""
+    try:
+        _delete_pet(id)
+    except KeyError:
+        raise HTTPException(status_code=404, detail="Pet not found")
+    response.status_code = 204
+
+
+def upload_pet_photo(id: int, file: UploadFile):
+    """Upload a pet photo.
+
+    Parameters
+    ----------
+    id : int
+        Identifier of the pet.
+    file : UploadFile
+        Image file to upload.
+
+    Returns
+    -------
+    dict
+        A confirmation with the pet ID.
+    """
+    _ = file  # In a real app, save to disk / object store
+    return {"id": id, "status": "photo_uploaded"}
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Appointments
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+def list_appointments(limit: int = 20, offset: int = 0, date: str = None, vet: int = None, pet: int = None):
+    """List appointments (paginated, filterable)."""
+    items = _list_appointments()
+
+    # Basic in-memory filtering
+    if date:
+        items = [a for a in items if a.date.startswith(date)]
+    if vet is not None:
+        items = [a for a in items if a.vet.id == vet]
+    if pet is not None:
+        items = [a for a in items if a.pet.id == pet]
+
+    return {"total": len(items), "items": items[offset:offset + limit] if limit else items[offset:]}
+
+
+def create_appointment(payload: AppointmentCreate, response: Response):
+    """Create an appointment."""
+    appointment = _create_appointment(payload)
+    response.status_code = 201
+    return appointment
+
+
+def get_appointment(id: int):
+    """Retrieve a single appointment by ID."""
+    try:
+        return _get_appointment(id)
+    except KeyError:
+        raise HTTPException(status_code=404, detail="Appointment not found")
+
+
+def update_appointment(id: int, payload: AppointmentCreate):
+    """Update an existing appointment."""
+    try:
+        return _update_appointment(id, payload)
+    except KeyError:
+        raise HTTPException(status_code=404, detail="Appointment not found")
+
+
+def delete_appointment(id: int, response: Response):
+    """Delete an existing appointment."""
+    try:
+        _delete_appointment(id)
+    except KeyError:
+        raise HTTPException(status_code=404, detail="Appointment not found")
+    response.status_code = 204

openapi_first/templates/vet_app/test_vet_app.py

@@ -0,0 +1,151 @@
+"""
+End-to-end tests for the OpenAPI-first Veterinary Clinic example app.
+
+These tests validate that all CRUD operations behave correctly
+against the in-memory mock data store using Pydantic models.
+"""
+
+from fastapi.testclient import TestClient
+
+from main import app
+from openapi_first.loader import load_openapi
+from openapi_first.client import OpenAPIClient
+
+
+test_client = TestClient(app)
+spec = load_openapi("openapi.yaml")
+client = OpenAPIClient(
+    spec=spec,
+    base_url="http://testserver",
+    client=test_client,
+)
+
+
+def test_list_parents():
+    """List parents returns paginated response."""
+    response = client.list_parents(query={"limit": 10, "offset": 0})
+    assert response.status_code == 200
+    data = response.json()
+    assert "total" in data
+    assert "items" in data
+
+
+def test_create_parent():
+    """Creating a parent returns 201 with the created entity."""
+    payload = {"name": "Alice", "email": "alice@example.com"}
+    response = client.create_parent(body=payload)
+    assert response.status_code == 201
+    parent = response.json()
+    assert parent["name"] == "Alice"
+    assert "id" in parent
+
+
+def test_get_parent():
+    """Get parent by ID returns the entity."""
+    parent = client.create_parent(body={"name": "Bob", "email": "bob@example.com"}).json()
+    response = client.get_parent(path_params={"id": parent["id"]})
+    assert response.status_code == 200
+    assert response.json()["name"] == "Bob"
+
+
+def test_update_parent():
+    """Update parent replaces its values."""
+    parent = client.create_parent(body={"name": "Carol", "email": "carol@example.com"}).json()
+    payload = {"name": "Carol Smith", "email": "carol.smith@example.com"}
+    response = client.update_parent(path_params={"id": parent["id"]}, body=payload)
+    assert response.status_code == 200
+    assert response.json()["name"] == "Carol Smith"
+
+
+def test_delete_parent():
+    """Delete parent returns 204 and removes the entity."""
+    parent = client.create_parent(body={"name": "Dave", "email": "dave@example.com"}).json()
+    response = client.delete_parent(path_params={"id": parent["id"]})
+    assert response.status_code == 204
+
+
+def test_list_vets():
+    """List vets returns paginated response."""
+    response = client.list_vets(query={"limit": 10, "offset": 0})
+    assert response.status_code == 200
+    data = response.json()
+    assert "total" in data
+    assert "items" in data
+
+
+def test_create_vet():
+    """Creating a vet returns 201."""
+    payload = {"name": "Dr. Smith", "specialty": "Surgery", "email": "smith@clinic.com"}
+    response = client.create_vet(body=payload)
+    assert response.status_code == 201
+    assert response.json()["name"] == "Dr. Smith"
+
+
+def test_list_treatments():
+    """List treatments returns an array."""
+    response = client.list_treatments()
+    assert response.status_code == 200
+    assert isinstance(response.json(), list)
+
+
+def test_create_treatment():
+    """Creating a treatment returns 201."""
+    payload = {"label": "Vaccination", "description": "Annual vaccination"}
+    response = client.create_treatment(body=payload)
+    assert response.status_code == 201
+    assert response.json()["label"] == "Vaccination"
+
+
+def test_create_pet():
+    """Creating a pet links FK references."""
+    parent = client.create_parent(body={"name": "Owner", "email": "owner@example.com"}).json()
+    payload = {"name": "Fido", "species": "dog", "parent_ids": [parent["id"]]}
+    response = client.create_pet(body=payload)
+    assert response.status_code == 201
+    assert response.json()["name"] == "Fido"
+
+
+def test_upload_pet_photo():
+    """Upload pet photo returns 200."""
+    pet = client.create_pet(body={"name": "PhotoPet", "species": "cat", "parent_ids": []}).json()
+    response = client.client.post(
+        f"http://testserver/pets/{pet['id']}",
+        files={"file": ("test.jpg", b"fake-image-data", "image/jpeg")},
+    )
+    assert response.status_code == 200
+
+
+def test_list_appointments():
+    """List appointments returns paginated response with filter params."""
+    response = client.list_appointments(query={"limit": 10, "offset": 0})
+    assert response.status_code == 200
+    data = response.json()
+    assert "total" in data
+    assert "items" in data
+
+
+def test_full_appointment_lifecycle():
+    """Create a parent, vet, treatment, pet, then an appointment."""
+    parent = client.create_parent(body={"name": "Eve", "email": "eve@example.com"}).json()
+    vet = client.create_vet(body={"name": "Dr. Jones", "specialty": "Dentistry", "email": "jones@clinic.com"}).json()
+    treatment = client.create_treatment(body={"label": "Cleaning", "description": "Teeth cleaning"}).json()
+    pet = client.create_pet(body={"name": "Max", "species": "dog", "parent_ids": [parent["id"]]}).json()
+
+    payload = {
+        "date": "2025-06-01T10:00:00",
+        "pet_id": pet["id"],
+        "vet_id": vet["id"],
+        "treatment_id": treatment["id"],
+    }
+    response = client.create_appointment(body=payload)
+    assert response.status_code == 201
+    appointment = response.json()
+    assert appointment["pet"]["id"] == pet["id"]
+
+    # Fetch it back
+    get_resp = client.get_appointment(path_params={"id": appointment["id"]})
+    assert get_resp.status_code == 200
+
+    # Delete it
+    del_resp = client.delete_appointment(path_params={"id": appointment["id"]})
+    assert del_resp.status_code == 204

pyproject.toml

@@ -52,6 +52,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
     # YAML support (optional but recommended)
     "pyyaml>=6.0.1",
+
+    # Code generation
+    "datamodel-code-generator>=0.25.0",
 ]
 
 [project.scripts]